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1A, (3D, 22A), (5D, 4D), 9A, 18A, 26D, (27D, 22A), 35A are all women who won Nobel Prizes for their scientific work.8D did scientific work that played a (controversial) key role in work that was awarded the Nobel Prize, we do not know if she would have shared in the Prize, as she had, sadly, passed away by the time the prize was awarded.33A made a discovery that was awarded the Nobel Prize, but —...
This article discusses quantitatively how to stop and reverse climate change. To stop climate change, we must transition from burning fossil fuels to using clean energy resources that do not involve the emission of CO2. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages of renewable energy sources, such as wind, water, and solar, relative to nuclear fission and the continued burning of fossil fuels, coupled...
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is fast gaining ground as a non-invasive technique for neuroimaging. The method can capture images of the human brain in real time while the subject carries out a cognitive task. This research area is still in its infancy but has immense possibilities to explore the secrets of the human brain, intelligence and thought processes. This article explains the...
The classical three-body problem arose in an attempt to understand the effect of the Sun on the Moon’s Keplerian orbit around the Earth. It has attracted the attention of some of the best physicists and mathematicians and led to the discovery of ‘chaos’. We survey the three-body problem in its historical context and use it to introduce several ideas and techniques that have been developed to understand...
The International Year of the Periodic Table, proclaimed by the United Nations to begin January 2019, coincides with the one hundred and fiftieth anniversary of Mendeleev’s published Periodic Table. The Periodic Table marked the coming of age of Chemistry. Mendeleev’s genius lay not in the discovery of the fact of periodicity, but in his interpretation of it as a fundamental principle, allowing for...
In this article, I present a series of puzzles aiming to reinforce the following mathematical concepts: fraction, factoring, representation of numbers in different bases, mathematical induction, proving impossibility, limit points, and approximations.
This article discusses quantitatively how to stop and reverse climate change. To stop climate change, we must transition from burning fossil fuels to using clean energy resources that do not involve the emission of CO2. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages of renewable energy sources, such as wind, water, and solar, relative to nuclear fission and the continued burning of fossil fuels, coupled...
There are several proofs of the fundamental theorem of algebra, mainly using algebra, analysis and topology. The aim of this article is to discuss the fundamental theorem of algebra as an application of Nevanlinna’s second fundamental theorem.
E. C. G. Sudarshan is widely regarded as the most gifted theoretical physicist of Indian origin in the latter half of the 20th century. This article describes his early student years in India, and at the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research in Bombay, before he left for USA in 1955 to work with R. E. Marshak at the University of Rochester. It then recounts his career as it evolved thereafter, and...
It is now more than three centuries since Johann Bernoulli solved one of the most intriguing problems in the history of the development of mathematics. Adapting Fermat’s principle of least time, applicable for the path followed by a ray of light as it passes through a series of media with decreasing values of refractive index, to the motion of a point mass under the influence of gravity alone, Bernoulli...
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